Sample Solved Question Paper - Final Term : NCERT Class 7 Science
Final Term Examination
Class: 7
Subject: Science
Maximum Marks: 80
Time Allowed: 3 hours
General Instructions:
- All questions are compulsory.
- Write neat and labeled diagrams wherever required.
- Marks are indicated against each question.
Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (1 x 10 = 10 marks)
Q1. The mode of nutrition in fungi is:
(a) Autotrophic
(b) Heterotrophic
(c) Parasitic
(d) Saprotrophic
Answer: (d) Saprotrophic
Q2. Which of the following is an example of a symbiotic relationship?
(a) Lichen
(b) Cactus
(c) Pitcher plant
(d) Mango tree
Answer: (a) Lichen
Q3. The process of changing water into its vapor is called:
(a) Condensation
(b) Precipitation
(c) Evaporation
(d) Transpiration
Answer: (c) Evaporation
Q4. The process of soil formation is known as:
(a) Weathering
(b) Erosion
(c) Deposition
(d) Sedimentation
Answer: (a) Weathering
Q5. Which organ is responsible for producing bile?
(a) Stomach
(b) Liver
(c) Pancreas
(d) Intestine
Answer: (b) Liver
Q6. Acid rain is caused due to the presence of:
(a) Carbon monoxide and hydrogen
(b) Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides
(c) Oxygen and water
(d) Nitrogen and helium
Answer: (b) Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides
Q7. The SI unit of electric current is:
(a) Volt
(b) Watt
(c) Ampere
(d) Ohm
Answer: (c) Ampere
Q8. The hardest substance available on Earth is:
(a) Graphite
(b) Diamond
(c) Iron
(d) Gold
Answer: (b) Diamond
Q9. Chlorophyll is present in which part of the plant cell?
(a) Mitochondria
(b) Vacuole
(c) Chloroplast
(d) Nucleus
Answer: (c) Chloroplast
Q10. The basic unit of classification is:
(a) Genus
(b) Species
(c) Family
(d) Class
Answer: (b) Species
Section B: Very Short Answer Questions (2 x 8 = 16 marks)
Q11. Define the term "transpiration."
Answer: Transpiration is the process by which plants lose water in the form of water vapor through small openings called stomata, present on the surface of leaves.
Q12. What is the role of decomposers in the environment?
Answer: Decomposers break down dead plants and animals into simpler substances, recycling nutrients back into the soil, thus maintaining the balance of the ecosystem.
Q13. Why do we classify organisms?
Answer: Classification helps in the systematic study of organisms, understanding their relationships, and simplifying the study of biodiversity.
Q14. What is meant by a balanced diet?
Answer: A balanced diet contains all essential nutrients—carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals—in appropriate proportions for the proper functioning of the body.
Q15. Name two artificial methods of vegetative propagation.
Answer: Grafting and cutting.
Q16. State one difference between natural and artificial magnets.
Answer: Natural magnets occur naturally and are weaker (e.g., magnetite), whereas artificial magnets are man-made and stronger (e.g., bar magnets).
Q17. Name any two adaptations found in desert plants.
Answer: (1) Thick waxy leaves to reduce water loss.
(2) Deep root systems to absorb water.
Q18. Write one difference between heat and temperature.
Answer: Heat is the total energy of molecular motion in a substance, while temperature measures the average energy of molecular motion.
Section C: Short Answer Questions (3 x 8 = 24 marks)
Q19. What is the function of stomata in plants?
Answer:
- Stomata help in gaseous exchange during photosynthesis and respiration.
- They regulate water loss through transpiration.
Q20. Differentiate between exothermic and endothermic changes with examples.
Answer:
- Exothermic: Heat is released (e.g., combustion of wood).
- Endothermic: Heat is absorbed (e.g., melting of ice).
Q21. Describe the water cycle briefly.
Answer: The water cycle involves the continuous movement of water through evaporation, condensation, precipitation, and collection in water bodies like rivers and oceans.
Q22. Explain why excessive use of fertilizers is harmful to soil.
Answer: Excessive fertilizers reduce soil fertility, contaminate water sources, and harm soil microorganisms, affecting the ecosystem.
Q23. State two differences between arteries and veins.
Answer:
- Arteries carry oxygenated blood (except pulmonary artery); veins carry deoxygenated blood (except pulmonary vein).
- Arteries have thick elastic walls; veins have thin walls with valves.
Q24. Write three advantages of crop rotation.
Answer:
- Prevents soil depletion.
- Reduces pests and diseases.
- Improves soil fertility.
Q25. How is lightning formed during a thunderstorm?
Answer: Lightning is formed due to the discharge of electric charges that accumulate in the clouds during a thunderstorm.
Q26. What are the harmful effects of deforestation?
Answer:
- Loss of biodiversity.
- Increase in global warming.
- Soil erosion.
Section D: Long Answer Questions (5 x 6 = 30 marks)
Q27. Explain the process of photosynthesis with the help of a diagram.
Answer: Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants prepare their food using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water.
Equation:
(Draw a labeled diagram showing chloroplast, sunlight, and leaves.)
Q28. What is soil erosion? Write four methods to prevent soil erosion.
Answer: Soil erosion is the removal of the top layer of soil by wind, water, or human activity.
Prevention methods:
- Afforestation.
- Terrace farming.
- Using windbreakers.
- Avoiding overgrazing.
Q29. Describe the structure and function of the human heart with a diagram.
Answer: The human heart is a muscular organ with four chambers: two atria and two ventricles. It pumps blood throughout the body. Oxygenated blood is pumped by the left side, and deoxygenated blood is pumped by the right side.
(Draw a labeled diagram of the human heart.)
Q30. Write a detailed note on natural and synthetic fibers.
Answer:
- Natural fibers: Obtained from plants and animals (e.g., cotton, wool). They are eco-friendly but less durable.
- Synthetic fibers: Man-made using chemicals (e.g., nylon, polyester). They are durable and water-resistant but non-biodegradable.
Q31. Explain the greenhouse effect and its impact on the environment.
Answer: The greenhouse effect is the trapping of heat by greenhouse gases (e.g., CO₂, CH₄) in the atmosphere, causing global warming. It leads to rising temperatures, melting glaciers, and extreme weather conditions.
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